Teeth whitening methods, which are one of the most important applications of smile design, are divided into two as office type and home type.

Office-type whitening method or laser teeth whitening is applied by the physician in the clinic. Generally, one application is sufficient. Sometimes a second application may be required 2 weeks apart to achieve the desired result. In laser teeth whitening, after the gums are isolated, a whitening agent is applied to the tooth surface and the whitening agent is activated using special light. Office type teeth whitening takes about 1 hour.

Home whitening is applied at home by the patient. Special whitening trays are prepared for the patient by the physician. After applying the whitening agent into the tray, the patient places it in his/her mouth and leaves it for 45 minutes to 90 minutes. This application is repeated for 7-14 days depending on the whitening agent used.

To this day, many materials such as gold, metal, porcelain varieties have been used to coat teeth. The most commonly used material today is zirconium. Zirconium is a very durable material and gives satisfactory results in terms of aesthetic biocompatibility. Zirconium is used in two ways in dental crowns. The most common use is as a substructure in zirconia-supported ceramic crowns. With the development of new technologies, we can now make veneers using only zirconium, this type of zirconium is called Monolithic Zirconium. Monolithic zirconium is superior to other types of coatings in many cases.

It is possible to change the appearance of teeth by using special composite filling materials and bonding agents. Bonding method is cheap and fast. Treatment is usually completed in one session. It is painless and painless, and most of the time a satisfactory result is obtained without the need for cutting and abrasion on the teeth.

Sometimes it only takes a few minutes to make a big change. The bonding method is most commonly used to close the tooth gap. In just one session, without making any cuts on the teeth, the tooth gap is closed with a material suitable for tooth color and texture without damaging the tooth.

Another application area of bonding is laminate construction. Composite laminate provides economical and fast results, but it is not as aesthetic as porcelain laminate.

Laminated application, also known as leaf tooth, leaf porcelain tooth, is a method used to improve the form and color of teeth and in the presence of mild crowding. It is one of the most preferred methods in smile design. Laminates can be produced from several different materials. Composite laminate, porcelain laminate, E-max laminate, and zirconium laminate are the most preferred types of laminated teeth in smile design, respectively. The biggest advantage of laminated tooth or leaf tooth application is that unlike porcelain veneers, little or no cutting is done on the teeth. Their biggest disadvantage is that they are not durable.

E-max is a type of porcelain made of lithium dicyclate glass. Its light transmittance is higher than other porcelain types and its texture is very similar to enamel.

It is not as durable as zirconium but gives more aesthetic results than zirconium. It is generally used in cases where aesthetic expectations are high in the front teeth.

The biggest disadvantage of E-Max porcelain is that it is not durable, so it is generally used on the front teeth. E max can be combined with zirconium to make it more durable. Zirconium-supported e-max offers aesthetics and durability together, but its cost is higher than other types.

One of the most important parts of smile design is the gums. Gums that are not well accelerated, colored or more visible than necessary affect aesthetics badly. In smile design, it is necessary to consider the gums and teeth together. Sometimes it is necessary to intervene in the gums to provide symmetry and sometimes to make the teeth look bigger.

Sometimes only small interventions on the gums can cause big changes in people’s smiles.